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Chad
🏙️ Capital city:
N'Djamena
📈 Country population:
19 million
🗺️ Country area:
1,284,000 km²
Core Facts / Infobox
Present this as a clean two-column table containing accurate and verified national facts. Include only fields with real data.
| Official Name | Republic of Chad |
| Common Name | Chad |
| Political Status | Sovereign republic (transitional / military-led government) |
| ISO Codes | TD, TCD, 148 |
| Internet TLD | .td |
| Calling Code | +235 |
| Capital City | N’Djamena |
| Largest City | N’Djamena |
| Coordinates | 15.45° N, 18.73° E |
| Time Zone | UTC+1 (West Africa Time) |
| Population (2025 est.) | ~19 million |
| Area | 1,284,000 km² |
| Population Density | ~15 per km² |
| Languages | French, Arabic (official); Sara, Kanuri, others |
| Currency | Central African CFA Franc (XAF) |
| Driving Side | Right |
| GDP (Nominal) | ~USD 13 billion |
| GDP Per Capita | ~USD 700 |
| HDI | Low |
| Life Expectancy | ~54 years |
| Continent & Subregion | Africa — Central Africa (Sahel) |
| National Day | Independence Day (11 August) |
| National Anthem | La Tchadienne |
Geography & Environment
- Landlocked country in north-central Africa.
- Borders Libya, Sudan, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Nigeria, and Niger.
- Geography ranges from Sahara Desert in the north to savannas in the south.
- Lake Chad is a vital water source but has significantly shrunk.
- Climate: arid in the north, semi-arid Sahel, tropical in the south.
Demographics
- Population: ~19 million.
- Very young population.
- Over 200 ethnic groups.
- Religions: Islam (majority), Christianity, traditional beliefs.
History
- Home to ancient civilizations and trans-Saharan trade routes.
- Colonized by France in the early 20th century.
- Gained independence in 1960.
- History marked by civil conflict and coups.
- Recent years under transitional governance.
Government & Politics
- Political system: Republic under transitional authority.
- Head of State: Transitional leadership.
- Legislative bodies: transitional councils.
- Administrative divisions: provinces.
Economy
- Low-income developing economy.
- Key sectors: oil production, agriculture, livestock.
- Main exports: crude oil, livestock, cotton.
- Strengths: oil resources.
- Weaknesses: poverty, insecurity, climate vulnerability.
Culture & Society
- Highly diverse cultures and traditions.
- Strong oral storytelling heritage.
- Nomadic and sedentary lifestyles coexist.
Food & Cuisine
- Staple foods: millet, sorghum, rice.
- Traditional dishes: boule, sauce gombo, grilled meats.
- Cuisine adapted to arid environments.
Education & Institutions
- Education access remains limited.
- Major institution: University of N’Djamena.
Tourism
- Very limited tourism sector.
- Natural attractions include Zakouma National Park.
- Tourism constrained by security and infrastructure.
Practical Information
- Emergency services availability limited.
- Plug type: C/D/E; Voltage: 220V.
- Infrastructure limited outside major cities.
Sports, Entertainment & Notable People
- Popular sports: football, wrestling.
- Traditional music and dance remain important.
- Notable figures: Idriss Déby Itno.
Neighboring Countries of Chad
Chad is located in north-central Africa and borders six countries: Cameroon to the southwest, Central African Republic to the south, Libya to the north, Niger to the west, Nigeria to the southwest, and Sudan to the east.
Famous For
- Lake Chad.
- Zakouma National Park.
- Oil production.
- Cultural diversity.
Sources
- World Bank
- United Nations (UN Data)
- IMF
- CIA World Factbook
- National Institute of Statistics (Chad)