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Sierra Leone
🏙️ Capital city:
Freetown
📈 Country population:
8.8 million
🗺️ Country area:
71,740 km²
Core Facts / Infobox
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| Official Name | Republic of Sierra Leone |
| Common Name | Sierra Leone |
| Political Status | Sovereign unitary presidential republic |
| ISO Codes | SL, SLE, 694 |
| Internet TLD | .sl |
| Calling Code | +232 |
| Capital City | Freetown |
| Largest City | Freetown |
| Coordinates | 8.46° N, 11.78° W |
| Time Zone | UTC+0 (Greenwich Mean Time) |
| Population (2025 est.) | ~8.8 million |
| Area | 71,740 km² |
| Population Density | ~123 per km² |
| Languages | English (official); Krio widely spoken |
| Currency | Sierra Leonean Leone (SLE) |
| Driving Side | Right |
| GDP (Nominal) | ~USD 5 billion |
| GDP Per Capita | ~USD 600 |
| HDI | Low |
| Life Expectancy | ~61 years |
| Continent & Subregion | Africa — West Africa |
| National Day | Independence Day (27 April) |
| National Anthem | High We Exalt Thee, Realm of the Free |
Geography & Environment
- Located on the Atlantic coast of West Africa.
- Borders Guinea and Liberia.
- Features coastal plains, mangroves, plateaus, and mountains.
- Known for natural harbors, including one of the world’s largest at Freetown.
- Climate: tropical with wet and dry seasons.
Demographics
- Population: ~8.8 million.
- Major ethnic groups: Temne, Mende, Limba, Kono.
- Urban population centered in Freetown and Bo.
- Religions: Islam (majority), Christianity, traditional beliefs.
History
- Established as a settlement for freed slaves in the late 18th century.
- Became a British colony in 1808.
- Gained independence in 1961.
- Experienced a civil war from 1991–2002.
- Post-war period focused on peacebuilding and recovery.
Government & Politics
- Political system: Presidential republic.
- Head of State & Government: President.
- Legislature: unicameral Parliament.
- Administrative divisions: provinces and districts.
Economy
- Low-income developing economy.
- Key sectors: agriculture, mining, services.
- Main exports: diamonds, iron ore, rutile, cocoa.
- Strengths: mineral resources, port access.
- Weaknesses: poverty, infrastructure gaps.
Culture & Society
- Strong traditions in music, dance, and storytelling.
- Krio culture influential nationwide.
- Community and extended family ties are central.
Food & Cuisine
- Staple foods: rice, cassava, palm oil.
- Traditional dishes: cassava leaves, groundnut stew, plasas.
- Rice is a central part of daily meals.
Education & Institutions
- Education system rebuilding and expanding.
- Major institution: Fourah Bay College (University of Sierra Leone).
Tourism
- Emerging tourism sector.
- Attractions include River No. 2 Beach, Banana Islands, Freetown Peninsula.
- Strong potential for beach and eco-tourism.
Practical Information
- Emergency number: 999.
- Plug type: D/G; Voltage: 230V.
- Infrastructure improving, strongest in Freetown.
Sports, Entertainment & Notable People
- Popular sports: football.
- Active music and cultural scene.
- Notable figures: Bai Bureh, Ishmael Beah.
Neighboring Countries of Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone is located in West Africa and borders two countries: Guinea to the north and east, and Liberia to the southeast. To the south and west, it is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean.
Famous For
- Freetown harbor.
- Diamonds.
- Krio heritage.
- Beautiful Atlantic beaches.
Sources
- World Bank
- United Nations (UN Data)
- IMF
- CIA World Factbook
- Statistics Sierra Leone