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Eswatini
🏙️ Capital city:
Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (legislative)
📈 Country population:
1.2 million
🗺️ Country area:
17,364 km²
Core Facts / Infobox
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| Official Name | Kingdom of Eswatini |
| Common Name | Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) |
| Political Status | Sovereign absolute monarchy |
| ISO Codes | SZ, SWZ, 748 |
| Internet TLD | .sz |
| Calling Code | +268 |
| Capital City | Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (legislative) |
| Largest City | Manzini |
| Coordinates | 26.52° S, 31.47° E |
| Time Zone | UTC+2 (South Africa Standard Time) |
| Population (2025 est.) | ~1.2 million |
| Area | 17,364 km² |
| Population Density | ~69 per km² |
| Languages | SiSwati, English (official) |
| Currency | Swazi Lilangeni (SZL); South African Rand (ZAR) |
| Driving Side | Left |
| GDP (Nominal) | ~USD 5.2 billion |
| GDP Per Capita | ~USD 4,300 |
| HDI | Medium |
| Life Expectancy | ~60 years |
| Continent & Subregion | Africa — Southern Africa |
| National Day | Independence Day (6 September) |
| National Anthem | Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati |
Geography & Environment
- Landlocked country in Southern Africa.
- Borders South Africa and Mozambique.
- Varied landscapes including mountains, savannas, and lowveld plains.
- Climate ranges from temperate in the highlands to subtropical in lowlands.
Demographics
- Population: ~1.2 million.
- Predominantly ethnic Swazi.
- Urban population centered in Manzini and Mbabane.
- Religions: Christianity (majority), traditional beliefs.
History
- Established as a Swazi kingdom in the 18th century.
- Became a British protectorate in the late 19th century.
- Gained independence in 1968.
- Renamed from Swaziland to Eswatini in 2018.
Government & Politics
- Political system: Absolute monarchy.
- Head of State & Government: King.
- Legislature: bicameral Parliament.
- Political parties have limited formal role.
Economy
- Lower-middle-income economy.
- Key sectors: manufacturing, agriculture, services.
- Main exports: sugar, soft drink concentrates, textiles.
- Strengths: regional integration with South Africa.
- Weaknesses: unemployment, health challenges.
Culture & Society
- Strong preservation of traditional customs.
- Major ceremonies include Umhlanga (Reed Dance) and Incwala.
- Monarchy central to national identity.
Food & Cuisine
- Staple foods: maize, sorghum, meat.
- Traditional dishes: sishwala, sidvudvu, grilled meat.
Education & Institutions
- Education system expanding.
- Major institutions: University of Eswatini.
Tourism
- Known for cultural tourism and wildlife reserves.
- Attractions include Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary and traditional festivals.
Practical Information
- Emergency number: 999.
- Plug type: M; Voltage: 230V.
- Road infrastructure connects well with South Africa.
Sports, Entertainment & Notable People
- Popular sports: football.
- Traditional music and dance widely practiced.
- Notable figures: King Mswati III, Sobhuza II.
Neighboring Countries of Eswatini
Eswatini (formerly known as Swaziland) is a landlocked country in Southern Africa and borders two countries:
Mozambique to the northeast and
South Africa to the north, west, south, and southeast.
Famous For
- Absolute monarchy.
- Reed Dance ceremony.
- Strong cultural traditions.
- Wildlife reserves.
Sources
- World Bank
- United Nations (UN Data)
- IMF
- CIA World Factbook
- Central Statistical Office (Eswatini)