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Cameroon
🏙️ Capital city:
Yaoundé
📈 Country population:
29 million
🗺️ Country area:
475,442 km²
Core Facts / Infobox
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| Official Name | Republic of Cameroon |
| Common Name | Cameroon |
| Political Status | Sovereign unitary presidential republic |
| ISO Codes | CM, CMR, 120 |
| Internet TLD | .cm |
| Calling Code | +237 |
| Capital City | Yaoundé |
| Largest City | Douala |
| Coordinates | 5.96° N, 12.56° E |
| Time Zone | UTC+1 (West Africa Time) |
| Population (2025 est.) | ~29 million |
| Area | 475,442 km² |
| Population Density | ~61 per km² |
| Languages | French, English (official); over 250 local languages |
| Currency | Central African CFA Franc (XAF) |
| Driving Side | Right |
| GDP (Nominal) | ~USD 55 billion |
| GDP Per Capita | ~USD 1,900 |
| HDI | Medium |
| Life Expectancy | ~61 years |
| Continent & Subregion | Africa — Central Africa |
| National Day | National Day (20 May) |
| National Anthem | O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers |
Geography & Environment
- Located in Central Africa with a coastline on the Gulf of Guinea.
- Borders Nigeria, Chad, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo.
- Known as “Africa in miniature” due to diverse geography.
- Features rainforests, savannas, mountains, and volcanic regions.
- Mount Cameroon is the highest peak in West Africa.
Demographics
- Population: ~29 million.
- Highly diverse with over 250 ethnic groups.
- Major cities: Douala, Yaoundé, Garoua, Bamenda.
- Religions: Christianity, Islam, traditional beliefs.
History
- Home to ancient civilizations and trade networks.
- Colonized by Germany in the late 19th century.
- Administered by France and Britain after World War I.
- Gained independence in 1960–1961.
- Modern history shaped by bilingual and regional dynamics.
Government & Politics
- Political system: Presidential republic.
- Head of State & Government: President.
- Legislature: bicameral Parliament.
- Administrative divisions: regions.
Economy
- Lower-middle-income diversified economy.
- Key sectors: agriculture, oil and gas, manufacturing, services.
- Main exports: oil, cocoa, coffee, timber.
- Strengths: economic diversity, strategic location.
- Weaknesses: infrastructure gaps, regional inequality.
Culture & Society
- Rich cultural diversity with numerous traditions and festivals.
- Strong influence of music, dance, and storytelling.
- Bilingual national identity (French and English).
Food & Cuisine
- Staple foods: maize, cassava, plantain, rice.
- Traditional dishes: ndolé, achu, eru.
- Cuisine varies widely by region.
Education & Institutions
- Education system based on both French and British models.
- Major institutions: University of Yaoundé, University of Douala.
Tourism
- Tourism potential across beaches, wildlife, and mountains.
- Top attractions: Mount Cameroon, Waza National Park, Limbe beaches.
- Ecotourism and cultural tourism opportunities.
Practical Information
- Emergency number: 112.
- Plug type: C/E; Voltage: 220V.
- Transport infrastructure developing.
Sports, Entertainment & Notable People
- Popular sports: football, athletics.
- Strong international football reputation.
- Notable figures: Samuel Eto’o, Manu Dibango.
Neighboring Countries of Cameroon
Cameroon is located in Central Africa and borders six countries: Central African Republic to the east, Chad to the northeast, Republic of the Congo to the southeast, Equatorial Guinea to the southwest, Gabon to the south, and Nigeria to the west. To the southwest, it is bordered by the Gulf of Guinea.
Famous For
- Cultural and geographic diversity.
- Football achievements.
- Mount Cameroon.
- Ndolé cuisine.
Sources
- World Bank
- United Nations (UN Data)
- IMF
- CIA World Factbook
- National Institute of Statistics (Cameroon)