Core Facts / Infobox

Present this as a clean two-column table containing accurate and verified national facts. Include only fields with real data.

Official Name	Russian Federation
Common Name	Russia
Political Status	Sovereign federal republic
ISO Codes	RU, RUS, 643
Internet TLD	.ru, .рф
Calling Code	+7
Capital City	Moscow
Largest City	Moscow
Coordinates	55.75° N, 37.62° E
Time Zone	UTC+2 to UTC+12 (11 time zones)
Population (2025 est.)	~146 million
Area	17,098,246 km²
Population Density	~9 per km²
Languages	Russian (official); many regional languages
Currency	Russian Ruble (RUB)
Driving Side	Right
GDP (Nominal)	~USD 2.2 trillion
GDP Per Capita	~USD 15,000
HDI	Very High
Life Expectancy	~72 years
Continent & Subregion	Eastern Europe & Northern Asia
National Day	Russia Day (12 June)
National Anthem	State Anthem of the Russian Federation

Geography & Environment

• Largest country in the world by land area.
• Extends across Eastern Europe and northern Asia.
• Borders 14 countries and three oceans (Arctic, Pacific, Atlantic).
• Major geographic features: Siberian plains, Ural Mountains, Caucasus Mountains.
• Longest river: Volga; deepest lake: Lake Baikal.
• Climate ranges from Arctic to continental and subtropical.
• Large natural resources: oil, gas, coal, timber, minerals.

Demographics

• Population: ~146 million.
• Urban population exceeds 70%.
• Ethnic groups: predominantly ethnic Russians, with many minority groups.
• Religions: Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Judaism, others.
• Major cities: Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg.

History

• Origins in Kievan Rus (9th century).
• Became the Tsardom of Russia in 1547.
• Russian Empire expanded across Eurasia.
• 1917 Russian Revolution led to the Soviet Union.
• Soviet Union dissolved in 1991.
• Modern Russian Federation established thereafter.

Government & Politics

• Political system: Federal semi-presidential republic.
• Head of State: President of the Russian Federation.
• Head of Government: Prime Minister.
• Legislature: Federal Assembly (State Duma and Federation Council).
• Administrative divisions: federal subjects (republics, oblasts, krais, cities).

Economy

• Upper-middle to high-income economy.
• Major industries: energy, mining, manufacturing, defense, agriculture.
• One of the world’s largest producers of oil and natural gas.
• Main exports: energy products, metals, chemicals, grain.
• Main imports: machinery, electronics, pharmaceuticals.
• Strengths: natural resources, industrial base.
• Weaknesses: demographic challenges, external economic pressures.

Culture & Society

• Rich literary, musical, and artistic traditions.
• Famous writers: Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Chekhov.
• Strong traditions in ballet, classical music, and theater.
• Distinct regional cultures across its vast territory.

Food & Cuisine

• Traditional dishes: borscht, pelmeni, blini.
• Staples include bread, potatoes, grains, dairy.
• Tea is a central cultural beverage.
• Cuisine influenced by Slavic, Central Asian, and Caucasian traditions.

Education & Institutions

• High literacy rate.
• Strong emphasis on science, engineering, and mathematics.
• Major universities: Lomonosov Moscow State University.
• Education system publicly funded.

Tourism

• Major destinations: Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Golden Ring cities.
• Attractions: Kremlin, Red Square, Hermitage Museum.
• Natural tourism: Lake Baikal, Kamchatka volcanoes.
• Trans-Siberian Railway is a major attraction.

Practical Information

• Emergency number: 112.
• Plug type: C/F; Voltage: 220V.
• Extensive rail and metro systems in major cities.
• Climate varies significantly by region.

Sports, Entertainment & Notable People

• Popular sports: football, ice hockey, athletics.
• Strong Olympic and international sports presence.
• Notable figures: Peter the Great, Yuri Gagarin, Leo Tolstoy.

Famous For

• Largest country in the world.
• Rich literary and cultural heritage.
• Cold climates and vast wilderness.
• Major global energy producer.

Sources

• World Bank
• United Nations (UN Data)
• IMF
• CIA World Factbook
• Rosstat