Core Facts / Infobox

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Official Name	Republic of North Macedonia
Common Name	North Macedonia
Political Status	Sovereign unitary parliamentary republic
ISO Codes	MK, MKD, 807
Internet TLD	.mk
Calling Code	+389
Capital City	Skopje
Largest City	Skopje
Coordinates	41.99° N, 21.43° E
Time Zone	UTC+1 (CET), UTC+2 (CEST)
Population (2025 est.)	~1.8 million
Area	25,713 km²
Population Density	~70 per km²
Languages	Macedonian (official), Albanian (co-official)
Currency	Macedonian Denar (MKD)
Driving Side	Right
GDP (Nominal)	~USD 15 billion
GDP Per Capita	~USD 8,000
HDI	High
Life Expectancy	~76 years
Continent & Subregion	Europe — Southeastern Europe (Balkans)
National Day	Independence Day (8 September)
National Anthem	Denes nad Makedonija

Geography & Environment

• Landlocked country in the central Balkan Peninsula.
• Borders Kosovo, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, and Albania.
• Mountainous terrain with valleys and basins.
• Major rivers: Vardar.
• Major lakes: Lake Ohrid, Lake Prespa, Lake Dojran.
• Climate: continental with Mediterranean influences.

Demographics

• Population: ~1.8 million.
• Urban population centered in Skopje.
• Major cities: Skopje, Bitola, Kumanovo, Prilep, Tetovo.
• Ethnic groups: Macedonians, Albanians, Turks, Roma, Serbs.
• Religions: Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Islam.

History

• Region inhabited since antiquity, part of ancient Macedonia.
• Later ruled by Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman Empires.
• Part of Yugoslavia after World War II.
• Peacefully declared independence in 1991.
• Officially renamed North Macedonia in 2019.
• NATO member since 2020.

Government & Politics

• Political system: Parliamentary republic.
• Head of State: President of North Macedonia.
• Head of Government: Prime Minister.
• Legislature: unicameral Assembly (Sobranie).
• Administrative divisions: municipalities.

Economy

• Upper-middle-income economy.
• Key sectors: manufacturing, services, agriculture.
• Main industries: automotive components, textiles, food processing.
• Main exports: machinery, chemicals, iron and steel products.
• Strengths: strategic location, industrial zones.
• Weaknesses: emigration, limited domestic market.

Culture & Society

• Blend of Slavic, Ottoman, and Balkan cultural influences.
• Rich traditions in folk music and dance.
• UNESCO-listed heritage at Lake Ohrid.

Food & Cuisine

• Traditional dishes: tavče gravče, ajvar, šopska salad.
• Cuisine influenced by Balkan and Mediterranean traditions.
• Strong use of peppers, beans, and dairy.

Education & Institutions

• High literacy rate.
• Public universities in Skopje, Bitola, and Tetovo.
• Education system aligned with European standards.

Tourism

• Growing cultural and nature tourism.
• Top attractions: Lake Ohrid, Skopje Old Bazaar, Matka Canyon.
• UNESCO World Heritage Site at Ohrid.

Practical Information

• Emergency number: 112.
• Plug type: C/F; Voltage: 230V.
• Improving road and rail infrastructure.

Sports, Entertainment & Notable People

• Popular sports: football, basketball, handball.
• Growing international sports participation.
• Notable figures: Goran Pandev, Toše Proeski.

Famous For

• Lake Ohrid and ancient churches.
• Rich Balkan cultural heritage.
• Traditional pepper-based cuisine.
• Historic crossroads of civilizations.

Sources

• World Bank
• United Nations (UN Data)
• IMF
• CIA World Factbook
• State Statistical Office of North Macedonia