Core Facts / Infobox

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Official Name	Principality of Monaco
Common Name	Monaco
Political Status	Sovereign constitutional monarchy
ISO Codes	MC, MCO, 492
Internet TLD	.mc
Calling Code	+377
Capital City	Monaco (city-state)
Largest City	Monaco
Coordinates	43.73° N, 7.42° E
Time Zone	UTC+1 (CET), UTC+2 (CEST)
Population (2025 est.)	~39,000
Area	2.02 km²
Population Density	~19,000 per km²
Languages	French (official), Monégasque, Italian, English
Currency	Euro (EUR)
Driving Side	Right
GDP (Nominal)	~USD 9 billion
GDP Per Capita	~USD 240,000
HDI	Very High
Life Expectancy	~86 years
Continent & Subregion	Europe — Western Europe (Mediterranean)
National Day	Prince’s Day (19 November)
National Anthem	Hymne Monégasque

Geography & Environment

• City-state on the French Riviera along the Mediterranean Sea.
• Bordered entirely by France, near Italy.
• Hilly coastal terrain with extensive land reclamation.
• Climate: Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers.

Demographics

• Population: ~39,000.
• One of the most densely populated countries in the world.
• Majority of residents are foreign nationals.
• Religion: Roman Catholic Christianity (state religion).

History

• Founded in 1297 by the Grimaldi family.
• Ruled continuously by the House of Grimaldi.
• Recognized as sovereign under international treaties.
• Close political and economic ties with France.

Government & Politics

• Political system: Constitutional monarchy.
• Head of State: Prince of Monaco.
• Head of Government: Minister of State.
• Legislature: National Council (unicameral).
• France responsible for defense.

Economy

• One of the wealthiest economies in the world per capita.
• Key sectors: tourism, banking, real estate, luxury services.
• No personal income tax for residents.
• Strengths: political stability, global prestige.
• Weaknesses: limited land and labor market.

Culture & Society

• Strong French cultural influence.
• International and cosmopolitan population.
• Renowned for luxury lifestyle and events.

Food & Cuisine

• Traditional dishes: barbagiuan, socca, fougasse.
• Cuisine influenced by French and Italian traditions.
• High concentration of fine dining restaurants.

Education & Institutions

• Education system aligned with France.
• High literacy and education levels.

Tourism

• Luxury tourism destination.
• Top attractions: Monte Carlo Casino, Prince’s Palace, Port Hercule.
• Host of the Monaco Grand Prix (Formula One).

Practical Information

• Emergency number: 112.
• Plug type: C/E/F; Voltage: 230V.
• Very safe with excellent public services.

Sports, Entertainment & Notable People

• Popular sports: motorsport, football, sailing.
• Famous event: Monaco Grand Prix.
• Notable figures: Prince Albert II, Charles Leclerc.

Famous For

• Monte Carlo Casino.
• Formula One Monaco Grand Prix.
• Luxury lifestyle and yachts.
• One of the smallest countries in the world.

Sources

• World Bank
• United Nations (UN Data)
• IMF
• CIA World Factbook
• Government of Monaco