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Albania
🏙️ Capital city:
Tirana
📈 Country population:
2.8 million
🗺️ Country area:
28,748 km²
Core Facts / Infobox
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| Official Name | Republic of Albania |
| Common Name | Albania |
| Political Status | Sovereign unitary parliamentary republic |
| ISO Codes | AL, ALB, 008 |
| Internet TLD | .al |
| Calling Code | +355 |
| Capital City | Tirana |
| Largest City | Tirana |
| Coordinates | 41.33° N, 19.82° E |
| Time Zone | UTC+1 (CET), UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Population (2025 est.) | ~2.8 million |
| Area | 28,748 km² |
| Population Density | ~97 per km² |
| Languages | Albanian (official) |
| Currency | Albanian Lek (ALL) |
| Driving Side | Right |
| GDP (Nominal) | ~USD 24 billion |
| GDP Per Capita | ~USD 8,500 |
| HDI | High |
| Life Expectancy | ~79 years |
| Continent & Subregion | Europe — Southeastern Europe (Balkans) |
| National Day | Independence Day (28 November) |
| National Anthem | Himni i Flamurit |
Geography & Environment
- Located in Southeastern Europe on the Balkan Peninsula.
- Borders Montenegro, Kosovo, North Macedonia, and Greece.
- Coastlines along the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea.
- Mountainous terrain with valleys and coastal plains.
- Climate: Mediterranean along the coast, continental inland.
Demographics
- Population: ~2.8 million.
- Urban population concentrated in Tirana and coastal cities.
- Major cities: Tirana, Durrës, Vlorë, Shkodër, Elbasan.
- Ethnic groups: Albanians (majority), minorities.
- Religions: Islam, Christianity (Orthodox and Catholic).
History
- Ancient Illyrian roots.
- Part of the Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman Empires.
- Declared independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912.
- Communist state from 1946 to 1991.
- Transitioned to democracy in the 1990s.
- NATO member since 2009.
Government & Politics
- Political system: Parliamentary republic.
- Head of State: President of Albania.
- Head of Government: Prime Minister.
- Legislature: unicameral Parliament.
- Administrative divisions: counties (qarku).
Economy
- Upper-middle-income economy.
- Key sectors: services, agriculture, energy, tourism.
- Main exports: minerals, textiles, footwear, agricultural products.
- Strengths: tourism growth, hydropower potential.
- Weaknesses: emigration, informality.
Culture & Society
- Distinct Albanian language and cultural identity.
- Strong traditions in music, dance, and hospitality.
- Famous figures: Mother Teresa, Ismail Kadare.
Food & Cuisine
- Traditional dishes: byrek, tavë kosi, fërgesë.
- Cuisine influenced by Mediterranean and Balkan traditions.
- Strong use of olive oil, herbs, and dairy.
Education & Institutions
- High literacy rate.
- Public universities centered in Tirana.
- Ongoing education reforms.
Tourism
- Rapidly growing tourism sector.
- Top attractions: Albanian Riviera, Berat, Gjirokastër.
- Mountain, beach, and cultural tourism.
Practical Information
- Emergency number: 112.
- Plug type: C/F; Voltage: 230V.
- Improving transport infrastructure.
Sports, Entertainment & Notable People
- Popular sports: football, weightlifting.
- Growing international sports presence.
- Notable figures: Lorik Cana, Elseid Hysaj.
Neighboring Countries of Albania
Albania shares land borders with Greece 282 km, Kosovo 112 km, North Macedonia 151 km, and Montenegro 172 km.
Famous For
- Albanian Riviera and pristine beaches.
- Unique language and culture.
- Ottoman-era architecture.
- Hospitality tradition (“besa”).
Sources
- World Bank
- United Nations (UN Data)
- IMF
- CIA World Factbook
- INSTAT Albania