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Romania
🏙️ Capital city:
Bucharest
📈 Country population:
19 million
🗺️ Country area:
238,297 km²
Core Facts / Infobox
Present this as a clean two-column table containing accurate and verified national facts. Include only fields with real data.
| Official Name | Romania |
| Common Name | Romania |
| Political Status | Sovereign unitary semi-presidential republic |
| ISO Codes | RO, ROU, 642 |
| Internet TLD | .ro |
| Calling Code | +40 |
| Capital City | Bucharest |
| Largest City | Bucharest |
| Coordinates | 44.43° N, 26.10° E |
| Time Zone | UTC+2 (EET), UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Population (2025 est.) | ~19 million |
| Area | 238,397 km² |
| Population Density | ~80 per km² |
| Languages | Romanian (official) |
| Currency | Romanian Leu (RON) |
| Driving Side | Right |
| GDP (Nominal) | ~USD 380 billion |
| GDP Per Capita | ~USD 20,000 |
| HDI | Very High |
| Life Expectancy | ~75 years |
| Continent & Subregion | Europe — Southeastern Europe |
| National Day | National Day of Romania (1 December) |
| National Anthem | Deșteaptă-te, române! |
Geography & Environment
- Located in Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea.
- Landscape divided between the Carpathian Mountains, hills, and plains.
- Major rivers: Danube, Mureș, Prut.
- Danube Delta is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Climate: temperate-continental with four distinct seasons.
Demographics
- Population: ~19 million.
- Urban population concentrated in Bucharest and regional cities.
- Major cities: Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, Iași, Constanța.
- Ethnic groups: predominantly ethnic Romanian, with Hungarian and Roma minorities.
- Religions: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (majority), others.
History
- Origins in the ancient Roman province of Dacia.
- Medieval principalities of Wallachia, Moldavia, and Transylvania.
- Modern Romania formed in 1859.
- Became a kingdom in 1881.
- Communist rule from 1947 to 1989.
- Joined NATO in 2004 and the EU in 2007.
Government & Politics
- Political system: Semi-presidential republic.
- Head of State: President of Romania.
- Head of Government: Prime Minister.
- Legislature: bicameral Parliament (Chamber of Deputies and Senate).
- Administrative divisions: counties (județe).
Economy
- Upper-middle to high-income economy.
- Key sectors: manufacturing, automotive, IT services, agriculture.
- Major EU producer of vehicles and components.
- Main exports: machinery, vehicles, electronics, agricultural products.
- Strengths: EU integration, skilled workforce.
- Weaknesses: demographic decline, regional inequality.
Culture & Society
- Blend of Latin heritage and Eastern European traditions.
- Strong folk traditions in music, dance, and crafts.
- Famous figures: George Enescu, Emil Cioran, Constantin Brâncuși.
Food & Cuisine
- Traditional dishes: sarmale, mămăligă, ciorbă.
- Cuisine influenced by Balkan, Turkish, and Central European flavors.
- Meat, soups, and corn-based dishes are staples.
Education & Institutions
- High literacy rate.
- Public education system aligned with EU standards.
- Major universities in Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, and Iași.
Tourism
- Known for medieval towns, castles, and Carpathian landscapes.
- Major attractions: Transylvania, Bran Castle, Danube Delta.
- Black Sea coast tourism in summer months.
Practical Information
- Emergency number: 112.
- Plug type: C/F; Voltage: 230V.
- Developing road and rail infrastructure.
Sports, Entertainment & Notable People
- Popular sports: football, gymnastics, tennis.
- International success in gymnastics and tennis.
- Notable figures: Nadia Comăneci, Simona Halep.
Neighboring Countries of Romania
Romania is located in Eastern Europe and borders five countries:
Bulgaria 608 km,
Hungary 443 km,
Moldova 450 km,
Serbia 476 km, and
Ukraine 531 km.
Famous For
- Transylvania and medieval heritage.
- Carpathian Mountains and Danube Delta.
- Rich folklore and traditions.
- Latin-based language in Eastern Europe.
Sources
- World Bank
- United Nations (UN Data)
- IMF
- CIA World Factbook
- National Institute of Statistics (Romania)